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- JOIN(1L) JOIN(1L)
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- NAME
- join - join lines of two files on a common field
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- SYNOPSIS
- join [-a 1|2] [-v 1|2] [-e empty-string] [-o field-list...]
- [-t char] [-j[1|2] field] [-1 field] [-2 field] file1 file2
-
- DESCRIPTION
- This manual page documents the GNU version of join. join
- prints to the standard output a line for each pair of input
- lines, one each from _✓f_✓i_✓l_✓e_✓1 and _✓f_✓i_✓l_✓e_✓2, that have identical
- join fields. Either filename (but not both) can be `-',
- meaning the standard input. _✓f_✓i_✓l_✓e_✓1 and _✓f_✓i_✓l_✓e_✓2 should be
- already sorted in increasing order (not numerically) on the
- join fields; unless the -_✓t option is given, they should be
- sorted ignoring blanks at the start of the line, as sort
- does when given the -_✓b option.
-
- The defaults are: the join field is the first field in each
- line; fields in the input are separated by one or more
- blanks, with leading blanks on the line ignored; fields in
- the output are separated by a space; each output line con-
- sists of the join field, the remaining fields from _✓f_✓i_✓l_✓e_✓1,
- then the remaining fields from _✓f_✓i_✓l_✓e_✓2.
-
- OPTIONS
-
- -_✓a _✓f_✓i_✓l_✓e-_✓n_✓u_✓m_✓b_✓e_✓r
- Print a line for each unpairable line in file _✓f_✓i_✓l_✓e-
- _✓n_✓u_✓m_✓b_✓e_✓r (either 1 or 2), in addition to the normal out-
- put.
-
- -_✓e _✓s_✓t_✓r_✓i_✓n_✓g
- Replace empty output fields (those that are missing in
- the input) with _✓s_✓t_✓r_✓i_✓n_✓g.
-
- -_✓1, -_✓j_✓1 _✓f_✓i_✓e_✓l_✓d
- Join on field _✓f_✓i_✓e_✓l_✓d (a positive integer) of file 1.
-
- -_✓2, -_✓j_✓2 _✓f_✓i_✓e_✓l_✓d
- Join on field _✓f_✓i_✓e_✓l_✓d (a positive integer) of file 2.
-
- -_✓j _✓f_✓i_✓e_✓l_✓d
- Equivalent to -_✓1 _✓f_✓i_✓e_✓l_✓d -_✓2 _✓f_✓i_✓e_✓l_✓d.
-
- -_✓o _✓f_✓i_✓e_✓l_✓d-_✓l_✓i_✓s_✓t...
- Construct each output line according to the format in
- _✓f_✓i_✓e_✓l_✓d-_✓l_✓i_✓s_✓t. Each element in _✓f_✓i_✓e_✓l_✓d-_✓l_✓i_✓s_✓t consists of a
- file number (either 1 or 2), a period, and a field
- number (a positive integer). The elements in the list
- are separated by commas or blanks. Multiple _✓f_✓i_✓e_✓l_✓d-_✓l_✓i_✓s_✓t
- arguments can be given after a single -_✓o option; the
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- JOIN(1L) JOIN(1L)
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- values of all lists given with -_✓o are concatenated
- together.
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- -_✓t _✓c_✓h_✓a_✓r
- Use character _✓c_✓h_✓a_✓r as the input and output field
- separator.
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- -_✓v _✓f_✓i_✓l_✓e-_✓n_✓u_✓m_✓b_✓e_✓r
- Print a line for each unpairable line in file _✓f_✓i_✓l_✓e-
- _✓n_✓u_✓m_✓b_✓e_✓r (either 1 or 2), instead of the normal output.
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